5)To do…,svo. Inf的逻辑主语与句子主语可一致也可不一致:
eg:To made stereo effects, two recordings are made the some
performances.
6)Alough to do…,svo. X
If to do…,svo. X
位于句首做状语的inf前不可加状语引导词。
*when to do,句子。X
句子,when to do. X
在TOEFL中,when to do一般不选。
v)宾补法则:(讲义 51-54)
We appointed him +CEO. (CEO:宾补)
主 谓 宾 宾补 (主动)
He was appointed +CES.
主 谓 主补 (被动)
主动为宾补,被动为主补。
补语:使句子完整。
宾补:某些vt接obj后,句意不完整,必须加一个n或者adj,所加的n.或者adj,
即为宾补,分词也可以。这些vt为:appoint, elect, consider, name, call,
make.
1) elect:主动:sb/sth elect sb sth.
被动:sb be elect a)+职位
b)+to+机构
c)+to+the office of+职务
2) consider:在TOEFL中,从不说consider as
主动:sb / sth consider n1+(to be)+n2/a.宾补
被动:n1+be considered+to be+n2/a.主补
*consider+n1+n2在考试中优先选择。
3)name 主动:sb/sth name sb sth
被动:sb be named sth
4)宾语后置:(宾语太长)
make sth possible = make possible sth
bring sth to sb / sw = bring to sb /sw sth
bring sth together = bring together sth
bring sth to light揭示…,发现… = bring to light sth
w)it结构 (讲义55-57)
*___ n. (新题P183 15 / 讲义 57)
答案一般选sub+谓语,优先选择there be,一定不选it is /they’re,it is不
位于句首:It is a book. X一般TOEFL中考:
1) 强调句型
It’s / was +被强调部分+that / who +其余部分
被强调部分+其余部分=句子。
a) 可强调主语、宾语、状语,但是不可鄙强调定语、谓语。
b) 强调人时,that / who均可,其余均用that
c) 后面句子为过去时态,用was,其余用is
*___ who…,___that… (讲义 55)
优先选择it is / was +ڤ
2) 形式主/宾语
it+be+adj/分词+ to do it:形式主语
that clause
eg:It is easy to pass TOEFL.
It was once believed that+句子
形式宾语:s+vi+it+adj. / 分词+ to do / that clause. It:形式主语
sub+make+it+possible+to do / that
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