EXERCISE:

　　1） To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.

　　A) True B) False C) Not mentioned

　　2) The first paragraph mention three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.

　　A) True B) False C) Not mentioned

　　3) The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.

　　A) True B) False C) Not mentioned

　　4) The writer advice about alcohol before you make a speech is to take one or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence.

　　A) True B) False C) Not mentioned

　　5) Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.

　　A) True B) False C) Not mentioned

　　6) Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming.

　　A) True B) False C) Not mentioned

　　7) The writer cites Goethe to prove that one can change one's habits.

　　A) True B) False C) Not mentioned

　　KEY:B A B B A C A

　　PASSAGE 18

　　The Education of Benjamin Franklin

　　History has given Benjamin Franklin a place of enduring fame. He was a writer, an inventor, a scientist, and a statesman. His life history has enjoyed popular success for more than 200 years.

　　Franklin's education at school stopped when he was ten years old. But he never stopped learning. For him, books held the key to living happily and successfully. They were precious gifts.

　　In his early youth, he had a friend who worked for a bookseller. Sometimes his friend would lend him books, which he was careful to return quickly. Often he sat up in his room reading most of the night in order to return a book before his friend's employer noticed its absence.

　　But Franklin was not a lonely scholar. For him, learning was a social experience. In his Autobiography, he tells about organizing a club called the "Junto", which met every Friday night to improve its members' minds:

　　"The rules I made required every member, in turn, to produce one or more questions on any point of Morals, Politics, or Natural Philosophy. The question would then be discussed by the whole group. Also, once in three months, each member was required to read an article he had written on any subject he pleased.

　　"Our discussions were directed by a president and conducted as an honest search for truth. We were to avoid unpleasant arguments or a desire for victory. Any member who did not obey these rules had to pay a fine."

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