PASSAGE 8

　　American Sports

　　The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms; organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.

　　Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.

　　Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.

　　Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and college. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.

　　Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do "not assemble" primarily to see the horse race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.

　　1. Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　2. The professional baseball teams that play well are allowed to play in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　3. Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　4. Football can be classified as a spectator sport.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　5. Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　6. Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nation-wide university matches are held yearly.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　7. Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　KEYS: ACABACA

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