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1993年考研英语试题及参考答案(4) |
Ⅴ. Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chi-
nese. (15 points)
(71 ) The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary
mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned
about and given precise and exact expianation. There is no more difference, but there is just the
same kind of difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordi-
nary person , as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing
out his goods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and com-
plex analysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights. (72) It is not that the scales in
the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner
of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its
measurement than the former.
You will understand this better, perhaps, if I give you some familiar examples. (73) You
have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction (归纳法) and deduc-
tion, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature
certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they buiLd up their
theories. (74) And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no
means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special train-
ing. To hear all these large words, you would think that the mind of a man of science must be
constituted differently from that of his fellow men; but if you will not be frightened by terms,
you will discover that you are quite wrong , and that all these terrible apparatus are being used by
yourselves every day and every hour of your lives.
There is a well-known incident in one of Motiere's plays, where the author makes the hero
express unbounded delight on being told that he had been talking prose (散文) during the whole
of his life. In the same way, I trust that you will take comfort, and be delighted with yourselves,
on the discovery that you have been acting on the principles of inductive and deductive philosophy
during the same period. (75)Plobably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had
occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, though differing in degree,as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.
Ⅵ .Writing ( 15 pnints)
DIRECfIONS :
A. TitLe: ADVERTISEMENT ON TV
B. Time limit:40 minutes
C. Word limit: 120 - 150 words (not including the given opening sentence)
D. Your composition should be based at the OUTLINE below and should start with the given
opening sentence: "Today more and more advertisement are seen on the TV screen. "
E. Your composition must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.
OUTLINE :
l. Present state
2. Reasons
3 . My comments
参考答案：
Ⅰ. l. D 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. B
6. D 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. B
11. C 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
16. A ' 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. D
21. D 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. A
26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. B
Ⅱ. 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D
36. C 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. B
41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. A
Ⅲ. 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D
51. C 52. A 53. C. 54. B 55. D
56. A 57. B 58. D 59. C. 60. B
Ⅳ. 61 . (C) made 66. (A) having blamed
62. (A) educationally 67. (B) have we seen
63. (A) have taken 68. (C) into the writing
64. (B) (should) be assigned 69. (D) to pay them
65. (B) written 70. (C) wlth the result
Ⅴ.
71．科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动的必要表达方式，也就是对一切现象进行思索并给以精确而严谨解释的表达方式。
72．这并不是说面包师或卖肉者所用的磅秤和化学家所用的天平在构造原理或工作方式上存在差别，而是说与前者相比，后者是一种更精密得多的装置，因而在计量上必然更准确得多。
73．你们都多次听说过，科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的，他们用这些方法，在某种意义上说，力求从自然界找出某些自然规律，然后他们根据这些规律，用自己的某种非同一般的本领，建立起他们的理论。
74．许多人以为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维过程相比，认为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。
75．在座的诸位中，大概不会有人一整天都没有机会进行一连串复杂的思考活动，这些思考活动与科学家在探索自然现象原因时所经历的思考活动，尽管复杂程度不同，但在类型上是完全一样的 共4页: 上一页 [1] [2] [3] 4
 1992年考研英语试题及参考答案
 1994年考研英语试题及参考答案
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