Part I Vocabulary and Grammar (40 points)

1. C. interrogate 2. C stood up for 3. A. precarious 4. B. jumped at 5. A. swerved 6. A. abstain 8. A. thread 9. C. obscene 10. C. strive 11. A. acknowledged 12. D. provoking 13 B quarreling 14. C. leniency 15. A. fascinated 16. B. special skill 17. B. violation 18. D. verify 19. C. 20. C advantageous 21 D. wouldn’t you

22. A. beautiful, little, red, butterfly-like insect 23. C. that 24. A. much too long 25. C. there to be 26. B. didn't do 27. A. adapts 28. D. worthy of29. D. that he wanted 30. B. 31. C. in that 32. D what great pains it will take33. D. I consider it important that 34. D. all that is required35. D. 36. C. that 37. A.began 38. C. could we 39. D as to why 40. C. what

Part II Cloze Test (20 points) "

1. D. defeated 2. D. resistable 3. A. incidence 4. A. burden 5. D. total

6. C. exposed 7. A. contagious 8. D. from 9. D. combined 10. A. that

11. A. infections 12. B. vulnerable 13.B. According to 14. C. survey 15. D. positive

16. C. various 17. A. diagnosed as 18. A. inflicts 19. B.are 20. B. productive

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 points)

l. B. 2. C. 3. C. 4. A. 5. B. 6. D. 7 D. 8. A. 9. D. 10. B. 11. B. 12. C. 13. C. 14. A. 15. B. 16.D. 17.D. 18. A.

19. D20. B.

Section B (10 points)

21. What is the main topic of this passage?

The main topic of this passage is that by the mid-twentieth century there emerged a trend in writing that favored a new approach to constructing the novel that abandoned many of the time-honored traditions of form.(From the original text) /This passage mainly discussed a new trend in writing ,appeared by the mid-twentieth century ,that preferred new ways to construct the novel that gave up many traditional forms.

22. What did the passage preceding this one probably discuss?

The passage preceding this one probably discussed the development of traditional approaches to constructing the novel before the mid-twentieth century.

23. What can we assume about Burroughs' earlier works?

We can assume that Burroughs’ earlier works are of a style not as detached as his later journals but rather involved and maybe even emotional.

24. What is the most difficult aspect of reading the book Naked Lunch?

The most difficult aspect of reading the book Naked Lunch is its unconventional and detached way of narration that makes it hard to determine who is telling the stories or where the characters have come from.

25. What can we infer about the works of the two men?

The works of the two men broke away from conventional ways of writing the novel and made experiments in creating new unusual approaches. Although the works were not received by the public and the academia without disagreements, their contributions to mid-twentieth century American fiction and literary theory were recognized.

Part IV Translation (30 points)

Section A E-C translation (15 points)

笔译对口译

由于人们以为笔译和口译是完全不同的两项活动，一个是书面活动，一个是口头活动，因此就会产生一些问题。然而，其实两者同是用接受语译出与源语文本最接近且最自然的口头或书面文本这一活动的一部分，两者之间的重大差别包括口译译员必须迅速作出决定；必须高度紧张以跟上口语的高语速；必须具备能够及时回忆起来的背景知识；敢于译出可能不够“完美”的译文。事实上，口译从来也不完美。

但是，口译工作能为笔译译者提供重要的有利条件，因为口译直接迫使他跟上飞速前进的任何学科的最新发展，口译还突出强调，听到一种语言而说出另一种语言在很大程度上是个自动的过程，而有些笔译译者未能认识到这一点。

在莫斯科的原莫里斯•多烈士外语学院，已在笔译方面显示出卓越才能的翻译家们可以接受这样一项测试，看看他们是否也有能力成为专业的口译译员。测试包括指定一个话题，用一分钟的时间做准备，然后用一分钟的时间就这一话题讲话，这类测试出于如下理由，认为口译，无论交传还是同传，都在更大程度上取决于组织信息的能力而并非确定涵义的能力。

Section B C-E Translation (15 points)

From primary school to high school, what we have been studying is no more than some basic common knowledge. Even during the four years in college, the lectures given still contain some rather superficial knowledge only. People usually call university the “highest institution of learning”, which is likely to cause misunderstanding that as if there were no other knowledge above this level.Research done in the university is only the most preliminary stage of std and the first attempt at conducting research and the emphasis is on the methodology and practice of research. Since knowledge is infinite, one’s whole life is not long enough to gain knowledge. That’s why hoary-headed people in ancient times studied the classics, which means they continued to study even when their hair turned white with age. However, there is indeed great interest and fun in such kind of study.

Part V Composition (20 points)(略)

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