下列病名前一般用a/an：

　　i have an ache in my head (a pain in the neck).

　　he has a cold/a fever.

　　特指时需要用the。例如：

　　jim has never really got over the malaria(疟疾)he caught in the east.

　　f) 一般不用于表示“膳食”的名词前，但有形容词修饰时用the。例如：

　　breakfast is served at eight.

　　the wedding breakfast was held in her father’s house.

　　如果泛指，用a/an。例如：

　　he gave us a good breakfast.

　　g) bed, church, college, court, hospital, market, prison, school, sea和work等名词用来指有关活动时，一般不用冠词。例如：

　　it’s time for children to go to bed. (指to sleep)

　　he goes to church every sunday. (指to pray)

　　after the crash，seven people were taken to hospital. (指to be cured)

　　he spent six months in prison. (指to be punished)

　　after i leave school, i want to go to (a) university. (指to study)

　　ken is a seaman. he spends most of his life at sea. (指to sail)

　　注：在美国英语中，通常用a/the hospital，a university。

　　出于其他目的，如去参观、访问这些地方或谈到这些地方时，根据情况用 a 或 the。

　　例如：

　　there is a bed in the room.

　　she was putting clean sheets on the bed.

　　the workmen went to the church to repair the roof.

　　tom went to the prison to visit his brother.

　　i would love to live near the sea.

　　home 单独使用时，无冠词;有修饰语时，用 the 或 a。例如：

　　she left home.

　　we went to the bride’s home.

　　i don’t have a home to go to in this city.

　　h) 当cinema, theatre, radio等名词用于表示“看电影、看戏、听无线电”时，一般要用 the。例如：

　　we went to the cinema last night.

　　do you often go to the theatre?

　　i heard the news on the radio.

　　television 用于表示“看电视”时不用 the。例如：

　　i watched the news on television.

　　指“电视机”时用the。例如：

　　can you turn off the television, please?(=the television set)

　　注：许多固定词组中的名词前通常没有冠词，需要熟记，如day after day，husband and wife，father and son，lock and key，heaven and hell等。

　　exercise 5

　　a.fill in the blanks with a or the where necessary:

　　1. after lunch, we went for walk by sea.

　　2. steam-engine was invented before internal combustion engine(内燃机).

　　3. bat, they say, judges distances by kind of echo-location.

　　4. he goes to church every sunday; church he usually goes to has seats for over thousand.

　　5. this is most useful reference book i have on this subject.

　　6. we have good market in town where we buy our fruit and _______ vegetables.

　　7. prison in this town is grim-looking building.

　　8. youngest boy has just started going to school; eldest boy is at college.

　　9. dead no longer need help. we must concern ourselves with living.

　　10. john became manager and secretary of the company same time.

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